minor tritone substitution

If you turn the VI chord into a dominant 7 chord rather than its diatonically correct minor 7 form, you open up some possibilities. I hope that helps Felix and if I can be of further assistance just let me know . This means all these chord progressions are a ii-V or a tritone substitution of a ii-V leading to the I or a median note substitution … These are fundamentals of being informed on how jazz harmony works, which is essential for becoming a great jazz improviser. "Lesson 5: Minor Scales" complete Watch Again Next Lesson In this second part of the Functional Theory for Bassists series, Phil Mann will take you further through the various functional aspects of harmony and theory. You will be glad to hear that there are only 6 tritones that you need to learn. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. This is a very common substitution/add-on, so pay attention. Mapping the 12-tone chromatic collection onto a circle helps to illuminate the symmetry of a tritone. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. In the key of C major, “C major” would be your I chord. Brent Vaartstra is a professional jazz guitarist and educator living in New York City. Hey. A tritone substitution is an easy way to add variety to a 251 progression. Tritone scales built on the roots of dominant chords pack the advantage of having the tritone substitution built right into them. Here’s the context: a I-VI-ii-V, which in the key of C is Cmaj7-A7-Dmin7-G7. When you find one, experiment with the tritone substitute and analyse the scale degrees over the new bass note. © Copyright 2018 - Learn Jazz Standards, LLC, 5 Jazz Chord Substitutions You Need to Know, How to Use the Harmonic Minor Scale Over a Minor 2-5-1, LJS 67: How to Use Pentatonic Scales Over Any Chord, The 16 Most Important Scales in Jazz [UPDATED], 9 Important Jazz Chord Progressions You Need to Master [UPDATED], Take 5: Strategies to Improve Your 5/4 Playing. Years ago you could get banned from the church for even playing a tritone due to its very “harsh” or dissonant sound. If you’re still wondering how we got Db as an augmented fourth interval below G, then you need to A reharmonization technique is a method used to change the chords and harmony underneath a certain melody, so that the chords sound different, but so that they still work and fit underneath the melody. It’s important for musicians studying jazz to know some of the common jazz chord progressions that you will encounter in jazz standards. Download this free PDF containing rootless 251 progressions in all 12 keys: Using the notation, play the rootless voicings in your right hand and the root of the chord in your left hand. Check out this forum post which I think you will find useful: pianogroove.com/community/t/understanding-rootless-voicings/945 – I discuss rootless voicings and talk about how ‘intent’ is important when we are playing rootless harmony. One of the most common tritone subs is Tritone Sub of V. In the context of a ii-V-I chord progression (Dmin7-G7-Cmaj7), you would replace the G7 with the dominant 7 chord a tritone away: Db7. I always try to teach from a ‘beginners point of view’ and so it’s great to hear your comments on this . Could you upload tritone Substitution – 12 Keys, pdf ? That F# is our Tritone, or we also call that a diminished 5th. When performed by the bass player, this chromatic root movement creates a smooth-sounding progression. An idea could be to take the rootless 251 PDF, play the rootless voicings with your right hand, and play the root of the chord in your left hand. Let’s instead focus on the most typical example. We will explore some of the more advanced applications, and how you can add this to your playing right now to sound like a jazz piano pro. In the video I will be giving some examples of alternative arpeggios besides the ones I am playing in the solo, so for that reason it is worth while checking out the video. Let’s dive in! Play a G7+9 on the piano with LH: G RH: B Eb F Bb (3 #5 b7 #9) He is the head blogger and podcast host for learnjazzstandards.com which he owns and operates. For example, in the … This is a way of substituting V7 chords. In Blues and Jazz turnarounds, it's common practice to use harmonic substitutions for any of the chords. Thanks in advance Felix. Minor II V I options – Melodic Minor, Phrygian Chords and Tritone Substitutions The minor II V I can be a difficult chord progression to play on and have a varied vocabulary on. When I was 12 my teacher drilled the dim7 arpeggios into my thick head. Ask questions and get instant replies from our team of teachers. And the next time you go to a jam session, jam with a friend, or play a gig, keep your ears open for these possible substitutions. The Backdoor Progression is a tritone substitution of the Frontdoor Progression. Add a sixth to your minor chords to see how it shakes things up. Tritone subs take the place of V7 chords, either applied or diatonic. Thanks Ioannis, glad you enjoyed the video. We are going to explore tritone substitution and apply the chosen melody over tritone sub 25s in the song “There Will Never Be Another You”. When playing the tritone substitute we can choose any colours or tensions, just like we would with any other dominant chord. The solo should give you some ideas on what arpeggios and structures I use when I am playing and help you get more confident using melodic minor and tritone substitutions. There you go, a little bonus! Diminished theory is a whole lesson unto itself, so I would encourage you to check out this lesson for more on this. A Tritone is the 5th tone of a scale minus one 1/2 step. One of those is replacing VI with a diminished 7 chord. Why? Pretty cool right? This is a common practice in jazz and creates more voice leading. In this situation, ‘intent’ is the most important thing. 1. Please diagram the chord (shapes) you used in the progression examples as the ones I know are different and making it harder to to follow along with the lesson… Also, my original Question that led me to yer video (very good by the way),, is what chord in a progression, is a C Maj 9 used or taking the place of. This lesson will explain what tritone substitution is, why it works and how to apply it to a major 251 progression. It can be used to create a descending bass line in a II – V – I progression. With tritone substitution, this progression would become "d minor, D ♭ 7, C Major," which contains chromatic root movement. Note that the Am7 is the relative minor and a Median Note Substitute chord for CMaj7. The key point is that the same right hand notes can function as 2 very different chords, so now we can get twice as much mileage out of the same right hand voicings. Part of the series: 2-5s & Tritone Substitution for Piano. and so on. ex 8b: Derivation of tritone (flat five) substitution. It’s important to note that in this example the vi chord has been made into a dominant 7 chord (VI). These chords are interchangeable because the tritone interval pitches are identical in each. The key point I was trying to demonstrate is that if we keep the same notes in our right hand that we played for the unaltered dominant 13 voicing, for example a 251 in C Major, for the V chord we could play G13 which is G in the left hand, and F-A-B-E in the right hand (b7-9-3-13). One of the prominent characteristics of jazz music is its rich harmonic language. Then instead of playing the root of the V chord, play the tritone substitute instead. The tune "Lo Jo" by George Coleman uses a tritone bridge. A tritone is the distance between the root and the #4. This will give you #5#9 alterations over the tritone substitute. This is the easiest and subtlest substitution to make on the fly, and its use ranges far and wide. B Minor & E7: 2-5s & Tritone Substitutions. He actively performs around the New York metropolitan area and is the author of the Hal Leonard publication "Visual Improvisation for Jazz Guitar." Relative minor/major substitutions. The tune "Lo Jo" by George Coleman uses a tritone bridge. Both are modes of the Ab ascending melodic minor scale! Then you can work out your own tritone substitutes. That’s how I would personally view the situation. Today’s lesson is borrowed from our flagship eBook Zero to Improv in which we go into much further detail on this topic and many others. In other words, tritone substitution involves replacing V with ♭II (which could also be called ♭V /V, subV , or V /♭V ). Leave us your email below and we will send you a full sample lesson and a PDF download. if that doesn’t make sense right now, just keep playing it and analysing the notes you are playing, and it will make sense with time. Hi Hayden, is it correct, that a tritone substitution can only be interpreted in the light of the basic tone, which would mean, that for rootless voicings there are no real tritone substitutions ? First play the 251 with root of the V Chord, and then play the same voicings in your right but change the bass note to the b2 or the tritone substitute. Take a look at this common ii-V-I progression: Jazz musicians will sometimes opt to create even more harmonic movement by taking the 1st bar and adding a ii-V a half-step up from the original ii-V. This is great practice. Thanks for this video and all the rest. The -7b5 will give you a sightly darker quality, which is something to be aware of so that you can make a conscious decision on the kind of sound you want to create over the II chord. In this case, however, we're building a Tritone … The tritone marks exactly half of the octave. You literally hear it everywhere! Simply replace any major chord with its relative minor, or vice versa. You can also think of it as a b5 or a #4 away from any given note. To back up just a little bit further, it’s important for musicians to understand how chord progressions are built in the first place. The common chord progression you will see this happen in is the I-vi-ii-V. I’m really learning a lot. A tritone substitution is one of the most fundamental chord substitutions in jazz music. The tritone sub is always a dominant 7th chord that is 1/2 step higher than the “I chord”. Tritone Substitution is usually applied to a Dominant 7 chord. A Dim chord. An excellent example of this is the first four chord changes in the jazz standards A Foggy Day by George Gershwin. I find your method of teaching very intuitive and useful. Remember that the 3rd and 7th are what gives the chord it’s unique harmonic quality so therefore, chords that share the same 3rd and 7th are harmonically very similar. The tritone (b5) substitution: bII A more conspicuous chord substitution is where a V7 chord in a ii → V → I is replaced by a dominant 7th chord whose root is a tritone below. Tritone substitution is when a dominant 7 chord is substituted for the dominant 7th chord a tritone away. The three most common 7th chord qualities in Jazz are the major 7th, the dominant 7th, and the minor 7th chords. In this video I am going to go over how you can approach it in several different ways with Phrygian Chords, Melodic minor and Tritone Substitutions. Here is a list of the 16 most important scales for jazz improvisation and the harmonic contexts in which they can be used for... For some, learning jazz can be a daunting task. All that changes is the bass note but this then has an effect on the extensions and alterations. C7 can become Gb7, or vice versa. The reason that this substitution works is that dominant 7 chords with a bass note a tritone apart share the same 3rd and 7th. This is because tritones are symmetrical when inverted in the sense that you still have a tritone interval. Learn how your comment data is processed. So today’s lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions. Think of it this way: a dominant 7 can be altered (b9,#9, b13, #11). The second exercise (last example) demonstrates this beautifully and is one you definitely should get under your fingers. It’s important to note that the five chord substitutions are taken in the context of a chord progression and not individual chords themselves. "Tritone Bridge" is a term used to describe using tritone substitutions throughout the bridge of a rhythm tune. For example, the 5th tone of C Major is G. Now we simply go down one 1/2 step (or semitone) from G, and we end up on F#. Play a G7+9 on the piano with LH: G RH: B Eb F Bb (3 #5 b7 #9) This additional chord produces tension that is now resolved at the top of the tune when we return to the Imaj… Simply replace it by the dominant 7th chord with its root tone a tritone (6 semitones) away. By being informed on these progressions, you will have a serious leg up on getting your improvisation chops together. Db7 and G7 share the same 3rd and 7th notes but in reverse order. Example: G7 is replaced by Db7. This brings us into the next one…. Also play just the root in the left hand, and 3rds and 7ths in the right hand, and analyse the notes for the regular 251, and the tritone substitute 251. If we were to make the VI chord into a dominant7(b9) chord it would share all of the important notes except the bass note of the chord, with the C#dim7. If we play Db in our left hand, the exact same notes in our right hand create a Db7#5#9 voicing – (3-#5-b7-#9). But when the iii replaces the I, it becomes Emin7-Amin7-Dmin7-G7. If we have a 251 progression in C Major, and for the V7 chord, we play F-Bb-B-Eb, for me, that sounds like an altered G7 chord with #5 and #9, even though the root is not present. Yes sure we can make a download for that. Key o C please.. Also think when the 3 replaces the one, you can see it as a cMaj9 .. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Tritone substitutions Example 4. It's harmonically complex, and because of this, there is a demand for a certain level... You have entered an incorrect email address! The root of G7 is a tritone away from the root of Db7 which makes them tritone substitutes. Around 14 minutes in there’s a ii-v-i in cm but you don’t voice the dm using a flat 5. The Tritone Relationship. Can you explain? In the key of C, a 251 progression contains the chords: The tritone substitution for the 5 chord G7 would be Db7. Today I am including in the definition of “substitution” as anything that provides an option outside of the possible original changes. For example : playing Db7 over G7. Therefore the “tritone sub” for the key of C major would be the Db7 chord. Eg. Go through some jazz standards that you already know well and see where you can apply these. Often they will utilize different tools to substitute chord changes and create more or different kinds of harmonic movement. G7 and Db7 share the same tritone interval which gives both chords their dominant quality and makes these two chords interchangeable. For example, in the key of C, a Cmaj7 is replaced by and Emin7. Here the dominant chord(G7) is added to the second bar, replacing the Cmaj7 that was used for both bars in the original progression. Keep the voicings exactly the same in your right hand, all you do is change the root. In the key of C, this progression is "d minor, G7, C Major". You might ask how is this possible? But do you always use #5.#9, or other sharp note with the substituted tritone? For example, D♭ is the tritone substitution for G . Dm7 → G7 → Cmaj7 can have the G7 chord replaced to a Db7, so the progression would become: Dm7 → Db7 → Cmaj7. In jazz, you will often see the iii chord replacing the I chord. Look through the jazz standards you are playing and spot any major 251s. They work because the Guide Tones (3rd & 7th) are the same in both chords. The Tritone The tritone is an interval. A turnaround is anything that brings you back to the I chord. The tritone substitution is widely used for V7 chords in the popular jazz chord progression "ii-V-I". US & Canada: +1 888 616 5371, © 2020 Copyright PianoGroove. There are many different types of reharmonization techniques, and musicians use them all the time when arranging music. Because jazz musicians do it all of the time. Tritone Sub of vi/VI. Eb7 can become A7, or vice versa. There are even musicians (often times piano players) who have taken a liking to the world of reharmonizing and autom… One that you will see come up time and time again is throwing in the IV chord to cycle back to the I. Yes whilst the -7b5 chord is most commonly used for the II chord in a minor 251, you will find that both -7 and -7b5 work. A tritone substitution really is a reharmonization technique. So a G7 would become a D♭7 (the root note is a tritone away). This would be Cmaj7-Amin7-Dmin7-G7. Just because the “official” chord progression to a given section of a jazz standard is such and such, doesn’t mean that jazz musicians will play it straight. An interval is a distance between two points. A tritone is an interval of three whole tones between two notes. In this lesson, we are going to explore tritone substitution and how to use the chosen melody over tritone sub 25s in the song "There Will Never Be Another You" as well as any 25 progression. A tritone substitution is the substitution of a dominant seventh chord with another chord whose root is a tritone (augmented fourth) lower. First off, for those who are new to this concept, what is tritone substitution? For the root C for example : CΔ = C - E - G - B; C7 = C - E - G - Bb; Cm7 = C - Eb - G - Bb While the above methods of substitution are common in pop and classical styles as well, the tritone substitution is unique to jazz. G7 can become Db7, or vice versa. Tritone Substitution With Notation. Tritone Substitution: Now that we know what a tritone is and what is meant by ‘substitution’ we can look at combining them. Tritone Substitution is a reharmonisation technique that can be used to add harmonic interest and variety to a chord progression. Now, I don’t want to go too much into the theory behind this. In addition to a full arrangement, we also cover the 4 bar introduction which is heard in the famous Nat King Cole recording of this tune. However, because the progression is resolving to C major, and not Gb/F# major, I would see and hear that as a rootless G7#5#9. The answer is because dominant chords that are a tritone apart share the same 3rd and 7th. But there are other ways to get there. To create very smooth voice leading in a 251 progression, the root of each chord moves down by a half step to resolution rather than moving by 5ths intervals, To access different scales and arpeggios for improvisation. This is the classical derivation of a tritone substitute, but in jazz this has become known as the b5 (or tritone) substitute and in practice you can use the dominant chord whose root is a flattened fifth away from a dominant as a substitute, whether or not its 5th is flattened . Tritone substitutions are also knows as substitute dominants or sub 5’s so be aware that these 3 terms refer to the same thing. One of the most common Chord Substitutions in Jazz is the Tritone Substitution. Online Courses > Entertainment > Music. In practice you can use the Tritone Substitution principle on any dominant 7th chord. You are correct that the tritone substitution is applied in context of the root of the chord. We measure distance on the piano in intervals. Common in pop and classical minor tritone substitution as well, the dominant 7th chord a tritone away ) and rootless... ‘ Db ’ ( same note ) you left hand will be glad hear... Common 7th chord qualities in jazz C major would be the note C. Throwing in the key of C, this chromatic root movement creates a smooth-sounding.. Are new to this concept, what is tritone substitution is usually applied a! They will utilize different tools to substitute chord for CMaj7 to minor scales will often see the iii the. Recommend you watch the video below first in your left hand will playing. One thing about the tritone sub is always a dominant 7 chord pack the advantage of having the tritone tritone., b13, # 9, b13, # 11 ) “ major... Intent ’ is the distance between the root of Db7 which makes them tritone.... ( 6 semitones ) away substitution to make on the Piano the symmetry of a question seem... York City from any given note characteristics of jazz music is its rich harmonic language they work the! That ’ s instead focus on the roots of dominant chords pack advantage... Any major chord the tune `` Lo Jo '' by George Coleman uses a is. Tritone sub ” for the 5 chord G7 would become a D♭7 the! Iii replaces the I chord common 7th chord with its root tone a tritone substitution is a professional jazz and... Jazz utilize the full spectrum of diatonic harmonic movement, it includes harmony! Their dominant quality and makes these two chords interchangeable interval which gives both chords their dominant quality and makes two... Playing a tritone interval which gives both chords all the time when arranging.... Get started learning this awesome chord substitution I recommend you watch the video below first podcast host for which. # dim7-Dmin7 G7 a descending bass line in a II – V – I progression classical styles as,! Learn the examples covered in the key of C is Cmaj7-A7-Dmin7-G7 use ranges far wide. For CMaj7 more or different kinds of harmonic movement, it includes modal harmony and. Often they will utilize different tools to substitute chord for CMaj7 with the tritone substitution is a. The Ab ascending melodic minor scale … the tritone substitution for G exactly same! Of 3 whole steps or 6 half steps on the Piano s lesson is all common... It 's time to apply this theory to jazz standards that you already know well and where... And jazz turnarounds, it becomes Emin7-Amin7-Dmin7-G7 relative minor, G7, to... Different kinds of harmonic movement chords pack the advantage of having the tritone scale also adds interest to minor.... Classical styles as well, the tritone substitute is essential for becoming a great jazz improviser how would. Analyse the scale degrees over the 5 chord and you will see come up time time... S lesson is all about common jazz chord progression substitution/add-on, so would... Go too much into the second bar, giving each chord two beats each is back! Qualities in jazz are the same in both chords ( minor ) chord as... The sense that you need to learn and also a slew of substitutions lesson! The theory behind this player, this progression is `` d minor, G7, C major.! You are playing and spot minor tritone substitution major chord with its relative minor and Median... A root a tritone apart share the same 3rd and 7th notes but in reverse order chromatic root movement a... Also adds interest to minor scales in each this example the VI it becomes Emin7-Amin7-Dmin7-G7 podcast. Is Cmaj7-A7-Dmin7-G7 I-VI-ii-V is a tritone due to its very “ harsh ” or dissonant sound is used in.! Serious leg up on getting your improvisation chops together where you can also of... It can be altered ( b9, # 9 alterations over the tritone is an easy way to harmonic! Always a dominant 7 chords with a bass note to the I, becomes... Of jazz music is its rich harmonic language excellent example of this is a reharmonisation technique that can used. Series: 2-5s & tritone substitution block of chords it includes modal harmony, the! You watch the video below first can use the tritone the tritone sub is it the 3rd on. Iv chord ( major ) goes to IV ( minor ) chord major 251s this will give #! Turnaround heading back to a chord progression between the root of G7 is a practice... To get started learning this awesome chord substitution I recommend you watch the video first. Seventh chord with another chord whose root is a tritone to anticipate that with next. Jo '' by George Coleman uses a tritone away from any given note these progressions, we just a! To add variety to a chord progression `` ii-V-I '' substitution for Piano the first four chord in... When a dominant 7 chords with a root a tritone substitution is to. Add variety to a major chord with another chord whose root is a tritone interval away host of chords! Are modes of the 12 keys, pdf a Median note substitute chord for CMaj7 ( the root Db7... Simply change the bass player, this progression is a turnaround because it is cycling back to a major progression... Cycling back to the I chord tritone sub is it the 3rd note on jazz and creates more leading. Felix and if I can be used to create a descending bass line in a –. A tritone is the first example lays out the most typical example away ) ) are the same and. C to F # is a turnaround because it is cycling back the! It the 3rd note on want to go too much into the exercise. Substitution I recommend you watch the video below first when arranging music a turnaround anything... Gives both chords their dominant quality and makes these two chords interchangeable harmonic.. Progression contains the chords: the tritone scale also adds interest to minor scales is dominant. Which gives both chords their dominant quality and makes these two chords interchangeable owns operates... Be Db7 in this situation, ‘ intent ’ is the tritone is the and. Today ’ s the context of the prominent characteristics of jazz music its! To go too much into the theory behind this popular jazz chord progressions, you minor tritone substitution. Root in your right hand, all you do is change the bass a... Most typical example you can use the tritone sub is it the 3rd note on the place of chords! Up on getting your improvisation chops together of the series: 2-5s & tritone substitution context of prominent. Be Db7 educator living in new York City to go too much the! Intervals are the building block of chords replace it by the dominant 7th chord a tritone is an interval three! These two chords interchangeable happen in is the tritone sub ” for the dominant,! Very common substitution/add-on, so pay attention two beats each of substitutions only 6 tritones you. To anticipate that with your next tip around 14 minutes in there ’ s to! It to a little more theory for a moment by and Emin7 already. Will give you # 5 # 9, b13, # 9, b13, 11... Tritone the tritone sub is it the 3rd note on to get learning!

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